A Freelancers Guide to Social Media Networking

As a freelance writer, building relationships is an important part of personal and professional development. Making new connections with others will increase your knowledge and can also lead to referrals. But in such a solitary profession, how do you do it? Social media has become one of the most effective channels for connecting with other writers, building your social circle, and attracting potential clients. Through various platforms such as LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook and Instagram, you can quickly tap into the expertise of others and promote your own writing. Here are some tips on how to use social media to build your writing career. A Freelancer's Guide to Social Media Networking Click To Tweet Optimize Your Social Media Profiles Each of your social media profiles should contain key information about you as a writer and as a person. Follow these steps to add professionalism and authenticity to your online profiles: Upload a professional-looking photo. Give clear contact information. Link to your website, if you have one. Explain which areas you specialize in. Include keywords about your services. Add a call to action to contact you for work. Keep all online profiles as consistent as possible. Show Your Work Your social media account is like a living resume for potential employers. Use the pinning feature on Twitter and Facebook to fix a post at the top of your timeline, linking to your most recent content. One of the first things potential clients will look for is a link to your work. Listen and Interact The point of social media is to be social, so find a few minutes each day to read other peoples’ posts and join in conversations. Follow people in your niche to find out about the latest trends and topics that people are talking about. Make Friends with Other Freelancers To extend your network, find others who are in the same boat as you are. Join social media groups, or start your own. Most freelancers are happy to exchange ideas and tips about working as a writer. They can also give you client recommendations and some may even work with you on larger projects. Consider even attending a freelance writing conference. Be Helpful Networking isn’t just about finding people to connect with you; it’s about bringing other people together. If you connect two other people, both parties will remember you in the future. Post valuable information such as writing tips to boost your credibility. Follow hashtags and offer advice to others when appropriate. Being generous is one of the best ways to get noticed by others, including potential clients. Be Proactive On social media, you need to engage and be proactive. If you don’t, your following won’t grow and you’ll miss out on potential writing opportunities. If you’ve connected with any influencer in your industry, point them in the direction of your content. Ask them to share it with their audience. Keep in mind that others will only want to share your content if it’s helpful to their audience. Be More Professional Than Personal As a freelance writer, social media is not the place to share political opinions or private feelings, unless it’s related to writing in general. It’s important to remain professional, because you never know who might be listening. You can be conversational, but keep your posts professional and clean. And remember, your language skills are there for all to see, so before you post anything, check your grammar and spelling. Social Media Networking Checklist Here’s a checklist you can use to make the most out of various social channels: Use your bio to highlight your writing expertise. Include keywords related to your niche. If you have a website, link to it in the bio. Use your timeline to share stories about your writing life. Regularly share links to your published content or work samples. Follow and reach out to people, organizations, and businesses in your niche, including content marketing managers and publications. Search for and join writer groups. Introduce your contacts to other people, when appropriate. Use social media tools such as Hootsuite and Keyhole to discover news and conversations around your niche. Join in with conversations and offer your own advice. Respond to questions and comments whenever possible. On LinkedIn, write a detailed profile, highlighting your skills, qualifications, experience, and the niche topics you write about. Check out the social media networking checklist Click To Tweet Conclusion Freelance writing can sometimes feel like a lonely profession, but you don’t have to go it alone. Being more active on social networks is a great way to meet other writers, learn new skills, and organically build your online visibility. Don’t worry if networking doesn’t come naturally to you. In the end, it’s about being more open, helping others, and being honest about your abilities. Treat your social media activity as a key part of your writing life and new opportunities will naturally come your way.

Astronomy Research Paper How to Prepare with Ease

Astronomy Research Paper How to Prepare with Ease Astronomy is the branch of science that studies celestial objects such as planets, sun, and moon. It can also be summed up as the study of objects and space beyond the earth’s atmosphere. Writing an astronomy research paper helps expand the knowledge of the writer to the facts surrounding the formation of the earth and the celestial objects. A proper way of writing an astronomy research paper encompasses comprehensive investigation, thorough planning and organization of points to a comprehensive structure. Topic Selection This step can be considered as the first of the writing process. Selection of topics to cover is very crucial as they have to be interesting to the reader as well as be easy to explain. The topics selected in this section should be straightforward and to the point. The following are a few of the topics one can cover in the essay: The Formation of the Solar System. This is the topic that entails the creation of the solar system through various theories. This topic covers a wide area and can significantly improve the writers’ and readers’ knowledge of astronomy. Planetary Comparisons. After the formation of the solar system, one can move down to the comparison of the components that form the system, for example, planets and asteroids. This topic requires critical thinking and is mentally engaging as there is a comparison of the differences in planets’ size, distances, and physical, and chemical properties characteristics among others. The Universe and How It Relates to the Earth. The topic entails the exploration of space, the matter in it, galaxies, stars, and other celestial bodies. All these components have a direct or indirect relation to the earth and highlighting these leads to a proper understanding of the topic at hand. Major Astronomical Milestones in History. This topic can be strategically included to raise the reader’s interest in the essay. There are significant steps that man has made in the astronomical field that are worth highlighting such as the first trip to the moon, deployment of exploration machines and robots among others. Effects of Celestial Objects: Asteroids, Moon, and Stars on the Earth. In this astronomy subject, one acquires intriguing facts on how each object can affect the planet directly or indirectly. This topic will introduce you to new information that will lead to a different understanding of the universe in general. Pre-Writing Tips to Get Ready for Actual Writing After highlighting the topics and carefully analyzing them, one can choose the most appropriate one in terms of content and interest. At this point, one has to evaluate how to present the content in terms of structure and outlining the points. The following are some of the pre-writing tips to consider while writing the essay: Picking the right structure. Depending on the type of essay you are writing, say informative, descriptive or a persuasive essay, effectively select the proper structure with which to relay the information garnered. When the structure is identified, one has a starting point and the suitable guidelines to use. Points of argument. In this part, one should critically think of points to put down while considering the structure and flow. Formulate the prime points to concentrate on as this makes the writing process easy and enjoyable. It is also important to identify the strong and weak points of arguments and preferably use the strongest ones first to ensure the essay has well-substantiated content. Such ensures a streaming flow of ideas. The main argument of the essay. The selection of the primary points to be used should be done keenly as they are supposed to fulfill the agenda of the essay. An effective essay is the one that has an argument and sufficient evidence to support the argument. The writer should, therefore, evaluate the prime points selected about how they relate to the main argument, think of how to communicate them, as well as ensure they support the research paper’s claims. It is also important to note the counterpoints or questions that may be raised and to find an effective answer for them. Research on the topics. The writer should research on the topics selected adequately to acquire all the information necessary to support your claim in the argument. Conducting effective research will guide one to new critical ideas, gaps in prior studies, and even ideas that were rendered valid or illogical, all of which can help the writer attain clarity when defining her/his research paper. It is in this stage that the writer decides how to approach the topic and whether to widen the research or narrow it to cover her/his idea effectively. The flow of points. After thorough research on your topic, organize the points in a flowing and logical manner to create an outline of your essay. Formation of the outline helps narrow down the major ideas to concentrate on when writing the research paper. The outline also helps to determine if the points correlate and support your argument in work. Creating an Outline as a Guiding Star: Tips from Our Top Experts An outline is responsible for steering the direction of the research and providing a good sense what it will tackle as it introduces the main argument while stating the key points and claims to be incorporated. The outline guarantees a smooth and enjoyable writing process as well as clear and coherent content. The following are some of the points to consider while creating an outline: The introduction. Begin with an introduction when formulating an outline. It should be short and to the point, laying down the topic and the main argument of the essay. It should provide a brief overview of the topic and end with the thesis statement. The body paragraphs. Every paragraph should have a different point and its supporting evidence. First paragraph (contains the topic sentence). This paragraph should cover the topic sentence, the main argument and what is to be discussed in the essay. It should be clear and easy to understand to evoke interest in the reader. Evidence. Jot the evidence that supports your ideas, and properly argue your points. Second and third paragraph. Guided by the same structure of the first paragraph (highlighted above) list down the claims of the following paragraphs. Formulate a topic sentence that indicates the point that each paragraph will be addressing. One should also use ample and credible evidence to support each claim made in the paragraphs. Ending each paragraph with a critical evaluation of your topic also indicates a proper understanding of the topic at hand. Conclusion. In this section, sum up all the claims in the body paragraphs properly and restate the thesis statement. In other words, the conclusion should sum up all the arguments of the essay to form one strong point. Other things to consider. An outline should be brief and direct to the point estimated at around one to two pages. It should also be well-organized and neat. Ensure to make use of bullet points to properly list the primary ideas and claims to focus on in each section or paragraph. Simple and clear sentences help highlight the fundamental ideas in an understandable way. Organization/Writing the Research Paper After creating an outline, the next step is about writing the research paper. This part consists of the elaboration of the information in the outline in a more organized way while providing evidence. Writing an astronomy research paper should be done in three primary sections which are the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. Information and evidence provided in each section should be well-coordinated to properly support your claim. The Introduction This part is the opening of the astronomy research paper that introduces the topic to the readers. The introduction should clearly state the main argument of the essay and focus on stating this claim. Applying the following points is also essential: It is advised to start with a catchy phrase that will raise the interest of the reader encouraging her/him to read the entire essay. In this case, one can start with the definition of the term astronomy, use a quote or even share an interesting fact concerning the topic. Offering brief background information about the topic will also go a long way to inform the reader of the direction you are taking. Concentrating on the main points ensures that the information does not create confusion or become boring. The next step is highlighting the thesis statement or argument. Once the topic is introduced, one should present his claim, which ideally should be brief and to the point. The length of these statements usually varies with the length of the essay. One or two sentences are preferable as they keep the introduction short and precise. The Body The body is the crucial part of the astronomy essay as it comprises the supporting statements and evidence to the writer’s claim. The ideal number of paragraphs in the body of an astronomy essay should be three or more (depending on the instruction given). They are intended to help you argue your point and, for this reason, should be presented orderly and in a logical manner. The flow from one paragraph to the next should be seamless to guarantee clear understanding, proper evaluation, and defending of the thesis. When writing the body, one should consider the following: Using the outline, including paragraphs that support the central theme and further assist your argument. Start each paragraph with a topic sentence that indicates what the paragraph entails. Use credible information to support claims introduced in the topic sentences. Also, properly analyze and describe how the evidence provided relates to and strengthens your arguments and the thesis in general. When writing an astronomy research paper, one can provide several examples to indicate or support your argument clearly. Furthermore, one should ensure that the paragraphs are full (approximately six to seven sentences) and well-written to articulate the points. Using the previously made outline, make sure there is a streaming flow of ideas in the essay. Avoid repetition of points to properly distinguish the paragraphs. Ensure that the arguments are presented in a logical order. Paying attention to chronological order, emphatic order and spatial order when presenting arguments indicates a good understanding of the information being presented. This will greatly assist you when you make compelling claims in your thesis. The Conclusion This is the point in the research where the writer sums up all the claims and points made in the body section. Usually, the conclusion brings together all arguments in one paragraph and restates the thesis statement to clearly indicate that your thesis is valid and logical. The following steps are hugely used in this section: Summarizing the argument by pinpointing the major ideas in the essay while at the same time indicating how they connect to the thesis. Avoid introducing new ideas at this point as it creates confusion. Instead, concentrate on what was analyzed previously. One may choose to elaborate on the argument they made though it is not a mandatory procedure. Explaining the significance of your thesis may be in defense of your stand as the writer or as a call to the reader to take a certain action or stand. Post-Writing Tips After the conclusion, the astronomy research paper writing part is done, and all that remains is to through the work to verify that the paper has nil errors and flows accordingly. The following are some of the activities you should focus on: Proofreading/editing. This stage is used to eliminate any errors that may have come up due to negligence, misuse of words, typos and incorrect use of tenses. After completing the writing process, you can take a break before going through your paper and editing the paper accordingly. Referencing. Usually, academic essays require a reference page that lists all the sources utilized in writing the essay. Ensure that you include all the credible books, articles or journals that you have used for the essay research on the reference page. References Bailey, J. M., Slater, T. F. (2003). A review of astronomy education research. Astronomy Education Review, 2(2). Lea, M. R., Street, B. V. (1998). Student writing in higher education: An academic literacies approach. Studies in Higher Education, 23(2), 157-172. Coffin, C., Curry, M. J., Goodman, S., Hewings, A., Lillis, T., Swann, J. (2005). Teaching academic writing: A toolkit for higher education. Routledge. Janelle M. Bailey, Doug Lombard. Blazing the trail for astronomy education research. Journal of Astronomy and Earth Sciences Education; Littleton (2015): 77-88. Pena, B. M., Gil Quilez, M. J. (2001). The importance of images in astronomy education. International Journal of Science Education, 23(11), 1125-1135.

Child Labour in the Global Economy Dissertation

Child Labour in the Global Economy - Dissertation Example Children had been historically involved in a variety of jobs ranging from agricultural and farming to industrial and manufacturing jobs. But, this conventional idea employing children in the aforementioned fields is rapidly changing as most often it is their parents who force their offspring into laborious activities. A survey conducted by ILO across 36 less developed economies reported a fraction of the 25 percent children employed in economically active jobs to be working for others. In addition, most of them work without pay with dominance of such form of exploitation more prevalent in urban than in rural areas. UNICEF reported this figure at 4.2 percent in case of rural regions and 5.2 percent for urban areas, for LDCs. Furthermore, out of the few children who work for others, nearly 6 percent do not earn any wage; such situation normally arises in cases when parents hold their children as collaterals while accepting loans and default payments on the same owing to poverty (Edmond s & Pavcnik, 2005, p. 202). Figure 1 alongside summarises the outcome of a survey conducted by ILO in 2006 to comprehend the change in occurrence of child labour across the world through 2000-2004. It shows the highest concentration of child labour in Sub-Saharan Africa followed by Asia-Pacific areas. Child labour is found to have dropped drastically in Latin America and Caribbean with a reduction of more than 10 percent of the total child population over the region. On the whole, the scenario has improved for child labour throughout the world within a span of four years.... But, this conventional idea employing children in the aforementioned fields is rapidly changing as most often it is their parents who force their offspring into laborious activities. A survey conducted by ILO across 36 less developed economies reported a fraction of the 25 percent children employed in economically active jobs to be working for others. In addition, most of them work without pay with dominance of such form of exploitation more prevalent in urban than in rural areas. UNICEF reported this figure at 4.2 percent in case of rural regions and 5.2 percent for urban areas, for LDCs. Furthermore, out of the few children who work for others, nearly 6 percent do not earn any wage; such situation normally arises in cases when parents hold their children as collaterals while accepting loans and default payments on the same owing to poverty (Edmonds & Pavcnik, 2005, p. 202). Figure 1 alongside summarises the outcome of a survey conducted by ILO in 2006 to comprehend the change in oc currence of child labour across the world through 2000-2004. It shows the highest concentration of child labour in Sub-Saharan Africa followed by Asia-Pacific areas. Child labour is found to have dropped drastically in Latin America and Caribbean with a reduction of more than 10 percent of the total child population over the region. On the whole, the scenario has improved for child labour throughout the world within a span of four years. This fact has an obvious implication that the world is indeed developing at a fast pace and in a homogeneous pattern. Figure 2 on the other hand, emphasises upon the kinds of jobs that children between 5 and 14 years of age, are employed in. It shows a majority of them to be employed in agricultural and farming

Morgenthau and Mearsheimer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Morgenthau and Mearsheimer - Essay Example One is self-defense and another way to use force is by going to the security council of UN and get the majority of nine to agree to use force. Before the US was allowed to use force against the Syria it was asked to ascertain whether for sure the chemical weapon are still in Syria. Instead the parliamentarians decided to relay on YouTube evidence and the interpretation of the experts on what was seen there. Han Joachim Morgenthau was one of the most influential political thinker and realist thinker of all times. Realists opposed the way saying the war will only push them to make more chemical ways so at to retaliate. However the neorealist who think that the US has the strongest military thought that attacking Syria, they will respond to the fall of Saddam and know that they are next on the list. It is unlike, John Mearsheimer who is a leading supporter of neorealism, (Warren,and Ingvild p58). He places the principal which prominences security competition among superior powers within the revolution of the international system. He does not put emphasis on the human nature of diplomats and statesmen. Neorealism does not go a good job at all, because the state uses its power to oppress other. It is focused on structures alone and nothing else. Neorealism is based on assumptions and not the ongoing argument. Unlike realism, that considers human nature and structures. Even if Syria used the chemical weapon against its civilians, most people argue that US had no moral obligation to lead the crusade against

The effect of the recession on Tesco's, Sainsbury's and Morrison's Dissertation

The effect of the recession on Tesco's, Sainsbury's and Morrison's - Dissertation Example The first phase involves the identification and extensive research into the problem followed a literature review to develop strong basis for further insights. The second phase entails the sophisticated analysis on the data collected through the primary and secondary research work. It involves the use of pictorials to assist in better understanding of the research work. As a result, the analysis showed that the UK grocery sector had been adversely impacted as a whole; however, despite an economic downturn and deteriorating macro conditions, the three retail giants-Tesco, Sainsbury and Morrison have had an insignificant impact on their profitability, market share and loyalty of the customers. The research leads us to conclude that the leaders were able to combat the economic recession with an iron hand; and to revive their ways to the former glory with a year of the collapse of the economy. The analyses in the research also lead us to establish the fact that Tesco was able to maintain its dominance over the UK retail sector in terms of market share, sales, profitability and growth. Fieldwork and data collection 1. Introduction In this chapter, the methodology used is analyzed and discussed further and it importance to the three goals. The methodology is believed to be most significant part of the research. The methodology section is quite essential for the research since it gives clear direction of what is expected and proper means of attaining desired results. The clear-cut strategies and directions put in place will assist to increase the steadiness as well as put forward the job that can be done elsewhere. This chapter will provide and explain details of all the models, theories, and structures as well as tools used for data gathering and analysis. Types of questionnaire The chart flow gives the chronological approach that is to be taken during the research and gives appropriate methods applicable. The research has used a self-administered questionnaire with all three sub-procedures have been used. The questionnaire was sent to all the different places in order to have representative view of the population. However, a random sampling procedure was followed to eliminate any sort of biasness towards any population or a retail store. The response rate on the questionnaire was more accurate since questionnaires are simple and user friendly thus do not take much of the times. A precise follow-up was on the chosen sample for quick and positive replies. Similarly, the data for financial analysis was collected from the company websites as well as Reuters and Bloomberg. Likewise, a lot of newspaper clippings were collected to better analyze the market and make an unbiased opinion on the research questions. 1. Objective 1 Whether consum er’s loyalty of Tesco, Sainsbury’s and Morrison’s has been adversely affected by the recession? a. Methodology Survey and relevant research b. Tool Used A questionnaire has been prepared and other relevant information will be obtained from different sources like journals, newspapers and articles. c. Rationale of

The Hotel Industry In Britain

The Hotel Industry In Britain According to the British laws a hotel is a place where a benefited traveler can receive food and shelter provided he is in a position to for it and is in a fit condition to receive. Hotels have a very long history, but not as we know today, way back in the 6th century BC when the first inn in and around the city of London began to develop. The first catered to travelers and provided them with a mere roof to stay under. This condition of the inns prevailed for a long time, until the industrial revolution in England, which brought about new ideas and progress in the business at inn keeping. The invention of the steam engine made traveling even more prominent. Which had to more and more people traveling not only for business but also for leisure reasons. This lead to the actual development of the hotel industry as we know it today. Hotel today not only cater to the basic needs of the guest like food and shelter provide much more than that, like personalized services etc. Hotels today are a Home away from home. Hotel can be classified into different categories or classes, based on their operational criteria. For example the type of accommodation they provide, location of the property, type of services provided, facilities given and the clientele they cater to can help categories hotels today. The market segmentation is economy hotel, mid market hotel, suite hotels, first class hotel, deluxe hotel, casino hotels, resort hotel and resident hotel. Source:http://www.scribd.com/doc/6170286/Introduction-to-the-Hotel-Industry Hospitality industry offers a variety of service including food service and accommodation and has different organizations. One of the most common sectors of hospitality industries is hotel and followed by restaurants. Hotel and restaurants have commonalities but differs in many ways they serve and the quality service that they offer. The organisational sturcture of a hotel Two main divisions in any hotel. The first is operational which contains the following departments : Food and Beverage division Accommodation House keeping Security Functional division contains the following hR Mgt Markeying Finance A/c Dicuss each departments roles Scale and scope of hospitality: Firstly, there are four basic types of the hotel ownership such as the franchise, privately owned and operated, leased and managed, on the other hand restaurant can be franchised and privately owned only. The franchise operation is privately owned but the owner pays for the franchise fee and followed by the royalty which is paid monthly and according to the contract same as the restaurants. The privately owned and operated hotel has company partnership which that may have investors or others with a financial interest in the hotel, however, in the restaurant industry it has one sole or partner ownership who run the business. Leased hotels are owned by individual or company but only lease the establishment. And lastly, the managed hotel is privately owned but has an agreement with another hotel brand to run the hotel operations. Source:http://www.ehow.com/about_5598328_types-hotel-ownership.html#ixzzOfDhyE1W Assessment of hospitality related orgs: ( judgement, evaluate) According to People 1st State of the Nation Report 2009, it is roughly 31% of high turnover in terms of labor in the industry and the employers are spending GBP 414 million on recruiting and improving new staff in 2008/09. Secondly, in diversity perspective in terms of products and services such as food, drinks, accommodation, conferences and banqueting, leisure facilities, levels of services and customer service varies on what kind of hotel and restaurant are. This means the target that they are targeting differs the quality that they are offering. For instance, in 5-star hotel you will see that the food and service are quite posh and branded, the facilities are expensive which exceeds on your expectations, thus, you are delighted of the food and service they offer compared to the 2-star hotel which is much cheaper. These are the things that we are considering regarding the factors that makes it diverse in service . Another thing is the culture of a certain country that they offer different meals and different kinds of meat according to the norms that they are believing in like the Halal food in Muslim country which the people do not eat pork. It is bizarre to give them this meat (pork) because it cre ates chaos and conflict to you when you set up a business in Muslim country. The organizational side of the hotel and restaurant can be divided into operational and functional. The operational is more on food preparation, food and services, accommodation service and front of house services while the functional is more on human resources, finance, marketing, research and development, security and maintenance. In operational point of view in the hotel are much sophisticate and posh and meticulous than the restaurant perspective. The hotel offers international food much more compared to restaurant which is much limited. Hotels caters all according to customers need. In terms of employees such as the waiter and receptionist, the hotel are hiring much more people and mostly who have a degree with personality and experience while the restaurant need few employees regardless of a degree , personality and experience to a certain degree. In functional, the hotel have human resources and high security and maintenance primarily because it is much bigger company and enor mous responsibility and caters different nationality with regard the employee and customers. The following are the organisations which are related to these industries: I want to do this! Whats This? People 1st is the sector skills council for hospitality, leisure, travel and tourism. They are working to transform skills in the sector, particularly in the areas of management and leadership, customer service and craft skills. They are committed to ensuring that public funds support the industry to develop only those qualifications and programmes that meet the needs of employers. The British Hospitality Association has been representing the hotel, restaurant and catering industry for 100 years. The Association exists to ensure that the views of the British hospitality industry are represented in a forceful, coherent and co-ordinated way to government and policy makers in the UK and internationally, in order that its members businesses can flourish. The Institute is delighted to release a new suite of five online learning modules which are freely available to all. The modules are tailored to meet the needs of hospitality and tourism students and professionals. They also support learning for our own Hospitality Management Qualifications. These organizations helps everyone what are the current trend and development in hospitality industry. It keeps us update and be aware about the opportunities in the market. Moreover, it enhances our knowledge and we have questions we can check it out anytime we want to. On top of that, it helps the hospitality industry what are the things they need to improve which quite fruitful to all. Task 2 The hotel and restaurants have commonalities in terms of functional and operational side of hospitality management but they have differences in other things. The hotel functional side are the human resources, finance, marketing, research and development, security and maintenance where the restaurant varies whether the restaurants are fast food chain, fine dining restaurants or vending machine. In fast food chain like McDonalds has human resources, finance, marketing ,research and development, security and maintenance however fine dining restaurants do have but others do not have. In operational points of view in the hotel and restaurants like food preparation , food and beverage services, accommodation services and front of house services have same legislative law regarding the health and safety ,environmental law and other laws. The way they do quality service differs in the way they deal the customers and their target market as the hotel restaurants are more meticulous and customer oriented than the restaurants in the market. Hotels have star rating according to their quality and status and much more posh compared to restaurants. The hotels now offers more careers than the restaurants from a wide variety of jobs to choose from. They can apply in management, event organisation, restaurant and bar work as well as operational roles which includes the finance, human resources and marketing. On the other hand, careers in restaurants include management and chef work which is the most difficult to look for purely because of lacking the required skills and experience but in the larger restaurants opportunities for business managers, finance managers and operational staff are existing. In conferences and meetings and events are massive business that mostly involves in the hotel which accounts of 60% according to the British Hospitality Association Centres trends and statistic 2008. Many occupations in the hospitality industries are offering full time, part time and casual and from agency. The full time has 40 hours a week normally but can exceed depending on the availability of the employee whilst in part time offers 20 hours only. The casual are just on call employees but have a limited benefits compared to full time and part time job. On the other hand, if they run out of members of staff they might call from agency to cover up for those who make an absent or those situations that needs more staff . Part-time job are mostly students and they are hired according to their availability especially in the hotel and fast food chain restaurant. The part-time job salary is roughly 5.82 and the full time is much higher depending on how much longer they are in the company. It varies from person to person and it depends on the size of the company and the amount of the responsibility involved and sometimes , packages can include profit-related. Restaurants employ more th an 526,000 full time and part time staff accounting 82% in the UK. In the hotel the full time are approximately 72% in terms of employability. In the UK there are over 46,000 hotels and guest houses and the hotel industry remains a vital role in the economy having an annual turnover of roughly 40,000 pounds according to trends and statistics in 2008 British Hospitality Association. In terms of salaries, the trainee hotel manager earns from 12,000 pounds to 19,000 and the more experience hotel manager gets 16,000 to 22,000 while the restaurant manager salary range from 16,000 to 20,000 pounds. As far as structure is concerned, hotels and restaurants are different in many ways such as the hierarchy ,teams, organisations structures number of employees , career progression , staff characteristic , flexibility and interpersonal skills. The hotels have general manager that look the company as a whole or have a big picture of it. It is break down into department where they are specific on their task like restaurant manager has a responsibility to manage the people working in the restaurant such as the waiter, receptionist and the back of the hotel like the chef. On the other hand, the restaurant is much simple to operate and few people are working here so the restaurant manager are much more relax and specific on what they are doing in the said establishment. The progression of career in the hotel is much better than the restaurant for the reason that if you are working in the hotel it is much easier for you to be hired in higher position in the restaurant since you have the bac kground working in the hotel. In addition, hotel staff can still have the options to apply in the other hotels and restaurants such as the supervisor after being a waiter before. This is what we call career advancement after having intensive training and qualification given by the hotel apart from the experienced gained in the hotel. Since working in the hotel has diverse nationality , the personal growth and confidence become an asset and as time goes it develops which makes you a flexible type of person, thus, having a good interpersonal skills which the employer is looking for. Having said that, the hotel is still has plenty of advantages than the restaurant, although restaurant has pros in many things. But of course, it depends on the person as well if how determined and persevered he is in achieving his goals and be promoted in the company. Qualifications in the hotel and restaurant industries can be apprenticeships, national vocational qualification(NVQ), vocationally related qualification(VRQ) and degree as well. The apprenticeships are nationally designed for young people in age bracket of 16-24 which has two levels like the apprenticeship and the advanced apprenticeships and consist of an NVQ and three key skills such as the application of number, communication and IT. The NVQ is developed by National Occupational Standards which focus on job responsibilities within the scope of the industry which is complied in a portfolio evidence. The vocationally related qualification (VRQ) sometimes called as technical course of study usually 1-5 days. These qualification have levels from level 1-3 , A Level 2 NVQ is equivalent to 5 GCSEs grade A to C, and A Level 3 NVQ is equivalent to 2 A Levels.

Nikola Tesla Essay -- essays papers

Nikola Tesla My great grandmother was born on September 30, 1895 in Strum, Wisconsin, and used to tell us the most important invention for the home, in her lifetime, was the clothes washing machine. Now history always seems to make the present era seem more civilized, when in fact, it is probably only cleaner, thanks to my grandmother's favorite invention. But, I wonder if it is easier. Certainly, there were many patents issued in the 1880's for inventions that truly would change the lives of future generations, and a handful of these amazing contrivances would have a great impact on that which is truly important to an industrialized nation: the machinery that speeds business, business being the true backbone of a country, but to a country girl whose family depended on farming, the clothes washing machine still stands out as the one that saved her the most time. So this essay will delve into the era of the 1880's and focus on one of the most important inventors that ever lived, Nikola Tesla. Many business machines were patented before Nikola Tesla patented the alternating-current "electromagnetic motor" in 1888 (while the popular Thomas Edison was stubbornly clinging to direct-current motors), but soon more and more inventors were realizing this new source of harnessed power could bring glorious miracles to business, thus providing them with even more glorious profits. But first, the washing machine, truly in honor of my great grandmother, who will be 105 years old this year. Before the days of washing machines, people got dirt out of their clothes by pounding them on rocks and washing the dirt away in streams. Sand was used as an abrasive to free the dirt. Soap was discovered at Rome's Sapo Hill where ashes containing the fat of sacrificial animals were found to have good cleaning powers. The earliest washing "machine" - the scrub board - was invented in 1797. In 1874 William Blackstone, a Bluffton, Indiana merchant and manufacturer of corn planters, built a birthday present for his wife. It was a machine that removed and washed away dirt from clothes. It consisted of a wooden tub in which there was a flat piece of wood containing six small wooden pegs. The inner mechanism looked something like a small milking stool. It was moved back and forth by means of a handle and an arrangement of gears. Dirty clothes were snagged on the wooden pegs an... ...ed to place his untested theories into countless notebooks. The man who invented the modern world died nearly penniless at age 86 on January 7, 1943. More than two thousand people attended his funeral. In his lifetime, Tesla received over 800 different patents. He probably would have exceeded Edison's record number if he wasn't always broke - he could afford very few patent applications during the last thirty years of his life. Unlike Edison, Tesla was an original thinker whose ideas typically had no precedent in science. Unfortunately, the world does not financially reward people of Tesla's originality. We only award those that take these concepts and turn them into a refined, useful product. Bibliography: Cheney, Margaret, Tesla: Man Out of Time (Dell Publishing, 1981) Tesla, N., Electrical Experiment (1919) Tesla, N., The Strange Life of Nikola Tesla (unknown publishing date or place used) Book actually red on web page:www.neuronet.pitt.edu/~biodam/tesla/tesla.pdf www.neuronet.pitt.edu/~bogdam/tesla/bio.thm www.neuronet.pitt.edu/~bogdam/tesla/chicago.htm www.neuronet.pitt.edu/~bogdam//tesla/niagara.htm www.neuronet.pitt.edu/~biodam/tesla/tesla.pdf